- Fixed braces (brackets) and clear aligner options
- First assessment for a child at around age 7
- No age limit in adults
- Duration is generally 6–24 months
In short: Orthodontic treatment is the correction of the position of the teeth and jaws with fixed braces or clear aligners. The method and duration are determined by examination, models and X-ray assessment, according to the degree of crowding, the bite relationship and age.
Which conditions are assessed?
- Crowding (lack of space) and gaps between teeth
- Protruding upper teeth or a lower jaw that sits forward
- Deep bite, open bite, crossbite
- Midline shift, single rotated teeth
- Creating space before a prosthesis or implant, uprighting teeth
- Bringing impacted teeth into the mouth
Fixed braces treatment (brackets)
The teeth are moved with metal or tooth-coloured (ceramic) brackets bonded to the teeth and a wire running through them. It can be used for every kind of tooth movement and works continuously, independently of patient compliance. At monthly check-ups the wire is changed and the movements are monitored.
Clear aligners
A series of clear aligners, planned from a digital impression, each of which moves the teeth by a small step. They are worn 20–22 hours a day and removed for eating and brushing. They are often preferred by adults because they are less visible and hygiene is easier. In complex jaw relationships and large tooth movements, fixed treatment may be more suitable; the decision is made by examination and digital planning.
Timing in children
Around age 7 is a suitable time for the first orthodontic assessment; at this age some jaw development problems are more easily guided with removable or functional appliances (early / orthopaedic treatment). Ages 11–13, when most of the teeth have been replaced, are a commonly used period for fixed treatment. An early assessment does not mean that treatment will be started in every child; monitoring is often sufficient.
Orthodontics in adults
There is no age limit for tooth movement; the condition is that the gums and bone are healthy. In adults, gum treatment may be needed before treatment, and movement is somewhat slower. In patients with a prosthesis or implant plan, orthodontics can be used as preparation for the correct position and angle.
After treatment: retention
Teeth tend to return to their former positions. For this reason, at the end of treatment a thin wire bonded behind the teeth and/or a clear retainer worn at night is used. Retention is an integral part of treatment and continues for a long time.
Points to consider
- While fixed braces or aligners are in place, oral hygiene becomes more difficult; inadequate cleaning leads to decay and gum inflammation.
- A feeling of pressure for 2–3 days after a wire change or switching to a new aligner is normal.
- If the clear aligner is not worn at least 20 hours a day, treatment is prolonged or the plan is disrupted.
- Hard and sticky foods can detach brackets; a detached bracket causes lost time.
- If the retention stage is skipped, the teeth may return to their former positions — this is the step of treatment that most often falls short.
Frequently asked questions
Clear aligners or braces?
In mild to moderate crowding and gaps both give results; aligners have the advantage in hygiene and visibility, while braces have it in control and wide-ranging movement. The decision is made according to the examination and digital planning.
How long does treatment take?
Generally 6–24 months, depending on the degree of the problem. Mild corrections can be completed in a few months, bite corrections in 18–24 months.
Will there be pain?
For 2–3 days after a wire change or a new aligner there is a feeling of pressure and sensitivity; most patients get through this with a mild painkiller or without medication.
Will tooth extraction be needed?
In some cases with a marked lack of space, yes. There are also cases that can be planned without extraction, with options such as expansion and minimal interproximal reduction; the decision is made by models, X-rays and analysis.
Do I wear the aligners while eating?
No. Aligners are removed for meals, hot drinks and brushing; they can stay in while drinking water.
How long does retention last?
Regularly in the first year, and after that for a long time in the pattern recommended by the dentist. The fixed wire behind the teeth can stay for years.
When should I bring my child?
Around age 7 is suitable for the first assessment. Treatment may not need to start at this age; the aim is to monitor development and, if necessary, to determine the right time.
The information on this site is for general guidance only; diagnosis and treatment require an examination by a dentist.